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- {subhead}LAME 3.86{def}{p}
- Review by Robert Karlsson
- {left}
- {p} {p}
- MP3 should be a familiar term to everyone that uses a computer these
- days, but just in case someone out there have been living in a cave
- somewhere and even then mysteriously enough been able to avoid
- getting bombarded by medias extreme focusing on this whole thing, I
- will go through a little the basics of what an MP3 file is, and a
- little about how it works. I am merely a layman myself, so there's
- bound to be heaps of mistakes everywhere, but here we go; MPEG 3
- (Moving Picture Experts Group), is a widespread standard for audial
- and visual information. We are going to focus on MPEG Audio Layer 3,
- or MP3 for short.
- {p} {p}
- There are tons of technical terms and information which I don't even
- want to begin to understand, so I'll try to keep it plain and simple.
- Basically, what happens when you encode an uncompressed audio file,
- such as an AIFF file, is that the encoder cuts off the parts and bits
- we're not supposed to hear and but the remainders back together, and
- out comes this marvelous little thing that is making the music
- industry tear their hair off when they see their precious money being
- taken from them because of this extraordinary phenomenom. This works
- generally quite well, unless you're really picky about sound quality,
- have no soundcard or you are still using your monitor for the audio.
- {p} {p}
- The bitrate is something that is causing a little confusion also
- among people that have discovered this thing with MP3, and also among
- the manufacturers of MP3 encoding software; but it seems to be the
- general publics conception that 128 Kbit stereo MP3's are equivalent
- to CD-quality - whether this is true or not can be discussed, I
- personally think that 128 Kbit encoded MP3's are crap and hardly
- worth the trouble of making, I prefer 192+ Kbit encoded MP3's, but
- since it doesn't really matter in time aspects I have performed the
- test encoding with the standard 128 Kbit setting in the program this
- review is about, namely LAME (Lame Ain't An MP3 Encoder), which is a
- LGPL (Gnu Lesser Public License) freeware software product for not
- only the Amiga, but also for a large amount of other platforms as
- well.
- {p} {p}
- The program is based on the sources released by the ISO-group, a
- german team of developers (if my memory isn't playing tricks on me),
- and from thereon heavilly modified, so much that all remnants of the
- original sources are supposedly gone and replaced for quite some
- time. What you get when you extract all the contents of the LAME
- archive are a bunch of files, the executables, the manual and
- descriptions, an ARexx script for multiple encodings, and a neat
- little program called LAMEspin, this is a patch to make the LAME
- executable of your choice work together with a CD-ripping program
- called SecondSpin. There's also a program called sfplay and
- accompanying libraries...
- {p} {p}
- First, let's have a look at the "USAGE" manual. It's easilly
- structured, with heaps of examples with the basic commands first and
- then a "operational guide" for each and every of the commands
- available. You can't go wrong, even if you have minimal experience
- using Shell you shouldn't have too much trouble getting it up and
- running (there are some GUI's and scripts that handles it
- automatically on the Aminet if you should experience troubles,
- there's also the previously mentioned SecondSpin which can be a good
- alternative if you are having troubles or are just too lazy to fiddle
- about with it in the command line). I see no point in going through
- every single command, as they are well documented, so I'll just go
- through the most important ones you need to know.
- {p} {p}
- The easiest way to test LAME is just to DIR into the drawer where you
- have put LAME, and then write someting along the lines of "lame
- work:uncompressed_song.aiff mp3_song.mp3" this will make LAME process
- the file "uncompressed_song.aiff" with its default settings and store
- the MP3 file in the same directory as LAME (if you don't give the MP3
- a name, LAME renames it to the sample's name and adds the .mp3
- extension and stores it in the same directory as the original
- sample), in this case it would be "Program:". This is a quick and
- easy way to try it out, but if you want to get a little more out of
- the results you should use a switch called "-h" in the commandline.
- "h" stands for High, and what it does is that it raises the quality
- of the encoding, it's also a little bit slower, but not slow enough
- to be annoying, if you ask me. This works like a charm, here are the
- speed results of my encoding of a 34.419.222 (3:15 minutes long)
- bytes large AIFF file, with the default mode (128 Kbit, J-stereo):
- {p} {p}
- Frame | CPU/estimated | time/estimated | play/CPU | ETA{p}
- 7394/ 7394 (100%) | 0:16:12/ 0:16:12| 0:16:12/ 0:16:12| 0.2008| 0:00:00{p}
- {p} {p}
- I case this didn't make any sense at all, then plain and simply just
- how long it took, i.e roughly 16 minutes, the frames being
- processed/percentage of the encoding done, etc...
- {p} {p}
- And here are the results of the encoding from the same file, but with
- the "-h" switch enabled (128 Kbit, J-stereo):
- {p} {p}
- Frame | CPU/estimated | time/estimated | play/CPU | ETA{p}
- 7394/ 7394 (100%) | 0:17:57/ 0:17:57| 0:17:56/ 0:17:56| 0.1794| 0:00:00{p}
- {p} {p}
- Higher quality, and about two minutes more waiting. Perfectly
- acceptable for me at least.
- {p} {p}
- You probably noticed that strange word "J-stereo", didn't you? Well,
- this is form of stereo is actually called MS-Stereo, which stands for
- Mid/Side Stereo, why it is also refered to as Joint-stereo (J-stereo)
- is because it sort of "joins together" the two stereo channels, and
- in some way or another the results gets better on lower bitrates,
- such as 128 Kbit encoded MP3's. On higher bitrates, such as 192+ Kbit
- it is pointless to use the Mid/side technique, because the stereo
- signals are high enough anyway.
- {p} {p}
- Now, let's go through another nice feature of LAME, the VBR (Variable
- Bit Rate) setting (on the two earlier encodings I used CBR, which
- stands for Constant Bit Rate - with constant bitrate you use the same
- encoding technique on all frames of the sample). When you use the VBR
- you can choose between using it with the default switch (-v), all you
- do then is set which bitrate you want to use whilst encoding. The
- manual recomends 112 Kbps, so that's the bitrate I specified in the
- test below. Here are the commandline options used for the test below:
- "lame -v -V 0 -b 112 -B 192 program:uncompressed_song.aiff
- mp3song.mp3"
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- Encoding as 44.1 kHz VBR(q=0) stereo MPEG1 LayerIII ( 5.0x estimated)
- qval=2
- {p} {p}
- Frame | CPU/estimated | time/estimated | play/CPU | ETA{p}
- 7470/ 7470(100%) | 0:49:12/ 0:49:12| 0:49:12/ 0:49:12| 0.0661| 0:00:00{p}
- 32[ 0%]{p}
- 40[ 0%]{p}
- 48[ 0%]{p}
- 56[ 0%]{p}
- 64[ 0%]{p}
- 80[ 0%]{p}
- 96[ 0%]{p}
- 112[ 0%]{p}
- 128[ 0%]{p}
- 160[ 0%]*{p}
- 192[ 99%]**************************************************{p}
- 224[ 0%]{p}
- 256[ 0%]{p}
- 320[ 0%]{p}
- average: 192 kbs{p}
- {p} {p}
- Now, let me explain what I did onthe commandline. First of all, I set
- the VBR option with the "-v", then I set the quality with the "-V"
- option, the quality in this case was 0, as this is the highest
- possible setting for VBR. I then specified the smallest allowed
- bitrate with the "-b", being 112 Kbps and the highest allowed being
- set with the "-B" switch, which in this case were 192 Kbps. See, now
- that wasn't so difficult, was it? If you still think so, then there's
- a default option, which you set with only "lame -v -b n" (n = number
- of bitrate), and the encoder itself will do the rest. Unfortunately
- this version of LAME for the Amiga seems to crash when doing that, so
- I wouldn't recomend it with this version.
- {p} {p}
- Why is VBR good then? You might ask. Well, the easiest way of putting
- it would be to say that with VBR you basically get a little higher
- quality and a little smaller size. But, as we can see judging by the
- snip from the CLI it is a little bit slower than just using a
- constant bitrate while encoding. But, if you want higher quality, and
- you aren't too concerned about the size, I'd say go for it. If you
- still want to use VBR, but want smaller files you can always raise
- the value of the "-V" switch.
- {p} {p}
- Well, that's about it from me - there are tons of other ways of
- encoding, but what I have described here are the most commonly used
- ones I guess, so that's a good start. Now, if you're curious on LAME,
- and the MP3 format I suggest you point your browser instantly to the
- links below.
- {p} {p}
- As a final remark in this review I'd like to comment a little about
- the mis-conception about MP3's being illegal as many seem to think.
- This is however not the case - MP3 encoding is merely a form of
- compressing audio, the technology itself isn't illegal, it's what you
- do with the results of the usage of an MP3 encoder that might be a
- legal dispute. That's something to keep in mind. Isn't it?
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- All tests were carried out on a 060 @ 66 MHz
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- {bold}Available from{nobold}: http://www.honeypot.net/audio/archives/LAMEbeta.lzx({link http://www.honeypot.net/audio/archives/LAMEbeta.lzx}Download This{end}){p}
- (this should always be the latest beta release by the way)
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- {bold}Overall{nobold}: 89%
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